intra-partum hypoxic event secondary to shoulder dystocia with prolonged foetal entrapment in birth canal
AI-generated summary
Tate Spencer-Koch was delivered via homebirth at 5:40am after her head crowned at 5:20am with shoulder dystocia causing entrapment in the birth canal for approximately 20 minutes. During this period, the foetus remained reliant on placental oxygenation. The post-delivery examination by midwife Lisa Barrett found no detectable mechanical pulse or respirations. However, when ambulance paramedics arrived approximately 8 minutes later, cardiac monitoring detected pulseless electrical activity (PEA) at 15 beats per minute—a weak electrical rhythm without mechanical heart contraction. Resuscitation efforts failed. The coroner determined this PEA constituted a 'sign of life' under the born-alive rule, establishing jurisdiction to investigate the death. The clinical lesson is the critical importance of recognising that shoulder dystocia is a life-threatening obstetric emergency requiring immediate resolution; prolonged entrapment causes hypoxic-asphyxic injury incompatible with neonatal survival, even with subsequent advanced life support.
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