Chloe Tupper died of organ failure due to severe anorexia nervosa at age 31. She had suffered from this illness for 17 years since age 14, receiving multiple episodes of hospital-based refeeding that never achieved lasting improvement. Clinically, the case illustrates key failures: premature discharge at subtherapeutic BMI (12 rather than 18-20) early in her illness, which established a false belief she was untreatable; lack of coordinated transition from paediatric to adult services; absence of a robust statewide eating disorder service requiring her care to be fragmented across public, private, and primary care settings; and failure to establish advance palliative planning when she presented to Royal Perth Hospital in 2019 at BMI 9.7. Her final GP, Dr H., provided compassionate but unsupported care without access to specialist consultation services. When she collapsed in June 2020, disagreement between RPH (who accepted her wish to die) and JHC (who made her involuntary) caused additional distress. The system failed through chronic underfunding of eating disorders services, lack of specialist expertise outside Hollywood Hospital, poor documentation continuity between services, and absence of established pathways for managing severe enduring anorexia nervosa. Better outcomes require early intervention with adequate nutritional restoration, continuity of care through transition ages, statewide specialist services, and for intractable cases, timely palliative care planning while patients retain decision-making capacity.
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Specialties
psychiatrypaediatricsgeneral medicineintensive carecardiologydieteticsgeneral practice
severe and enduring anorexia nervosa with 17-year disease duration
premature discharge at subtherapeutic BMI during early treatment phases
failure of early intensive treatment to achieve adequate brain nutritional restoration
lack of coordinated paediatric to adult service transition
absence of specialist eating disorder service in adult public system
fragmentation of care across public, private and primary care settings
inadequate palliative care planning when presenting to RPH in 2019
incomplete transmission of discharge documentation from RPH to GP
increased suicidality associated with refeeding attempts
persistent malnutrition causing brain atrophy and impaired decision-making capacity
high index of previous treatment failures reinforcing patient hopelessness
limited expertise in managing severe enduring anorexia nervosa in public system
Coroner's recommendations
The Department of Health should continue to collect hospital-based eating disorders data and the Mental Health Commission should undertake demand modelling to support future state-wide investment, with regular benchmarking of WA youth and adults with eating disorders against National trends and data.
The Mental Health Commission should consider developing a working group to explore unmet needs for people with chronic and complex or severe and enduring eating disorders to ensure evidence-based programs are offered and primary care providers are supported in managing the high level of risk associated with this cohort. The working group should specifically consider how best to transition care from child specialist services to adult services to ensure good continuity of care.
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