Severe neutropenic sepsis and multi-organ failure secondary to severe mucositis and probable DPD deficiency in the setting of T3 rectal carcinoma
AI-generated summary
A 65-year-old man with stage 3 rectal cancer died from severe neutropenic sepsis and multi-organ failure secondary to probable dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency when treated with capecitabine chemotherapy. He developed severe mucositis and systemic toxicity within days of commencing treatment. While the coroner found the clinical management appropriate by 2015 standards, the case highlights that DPD deficiency testing was not routine practice in Australia at the time, nor was a specific antidote available. The coroner noted emerging international practices in pre-treatment DPD testing and recommended that oncology groups consider adopting this as standard care, and that governments expedite access to the newly-available antidote Vistogard.
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Specialties
oncologyradiation oncologycolorectal surgeryintensive care
Probable dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency preventing metabolisation of capecitabine
Severe mucositis and gastrointestinal toxicity from 5-FU based chemotherapy
Lack of pre-treatment DPD deficiency screening (not standard practice in 2015)
Delayed recognition of severity of adverse reaction despite telephone consultations
Coroner's recommendations
That the Medical Oncology Group of Australia consider whether testing for DPD deficiency should be standard care for patients proposed to be commenced on 5-FU chemotherapy treatment
That the Federal and Victorian Governments expedite the agreement for a single national repository for the oral antidote to 5-FU, Vistogard
That the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre agree to establish and maintain a national repository for Vistogard
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