Coronial
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Coroner's Finding: Kennedy, John Douglas

Deceased

John Douglas Kennedy

Demographics

65y, male

Date of death

2020-04-16

Finding date

2025-10-20

Cause of death

Ischaemic heart disease on a background of hypertension

AI-generated summary

John Kennedy, 65, died from ischaemic heart disease with hypertension on 16 April 2020 after a 24-minute delay in ambulance dispatch. He called triple zero at 00:19 with severe chest pain and difficulty breathing (Priority 2, chest pain determinant 10D02). The dispatcher verbally assigned the nearest crew (Barker 181, 6 minutes away) but waited 8+ minutes without confirmation. Meanwhile, Barker crew's paramedic phoned requesting reassignment to a lower-priority hospital transfer, which the dispatcher granted. Stirling crew (14+ minutes away) were then dispatched instead. Kennedy arrested at ~00:44; paramedics arrived at 00:43 but defibrillation occurred after the critical 5-minute window when survival chances are highest. Expert cardiologist testimony established that with prompt dispatch and early defibrillation within 5 minutes of arrest, Kennedy had reasonable chance of survival. Key failures: dispatcher's vague communication with crew, paramedic's interference with dispatch process, reassuring caller that ambulance was 'on way' before dispatch occurred, and failure to immediately task available crew. The death certificate was signed without coronial report despite meeting 'unusual' criteria, delaying investigation by nearly a year.

AI-generated summary and tagging — may contain inaccuracies; refer to original finding for legal purposes. Report an inaccuracy.

Specialties

emergency medicinecardiology

Error types

communicationsystemdelay

Drugs involved

atenololdapa-tabs

Clinical conditions

ischaemic heart diseasemyocardial infarctionventricular fibrillationcardiac arresthypertensionhyperlipidaemia

Procedures

cardiopulmonary resuscitationdefibrillationemergency ambulance retrieval

Contributing factors

  • Delay in ambulance dispatch (approximately 10 minutes)
  • Paramedic interference with dispatch process
  • Dispatcher failure to clarify crew availability and seek alternative resources
  • Dispatcher reassigned nearest crew to lower-priority task
  • Cardiac arrest occurred outside critical 5-minute window for defibrillation
  • Delayed reporting to State Coroner affecting investigation
  • Elevated cholesterol unmanaged for 2 years prior to death
  • Patient did not seek medical attention for prodromal chest pain evening before
  • Caller reassured ambulance was 'on way' before actual dispatch occurred

Coroner's recommendations

  1. Royal Australian College of General Practitioners and Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine should consider routinely referring low to medium risk patients who return elevated cholesterol results for a CT Calcium score, particularly those with known family history of coronary artery disease and/or particular lifestyle choices
  2. SA Ambulance Service should discourage paramedics from contacting the Operations Centre and advocating for their assignment to particular cases
  3. SA Ambulance Service should remind dispatchers of their obligation to assign the most appropriate resource to the most appropriate case, irrespective of any preferences expressed by individual paramedics
Full text

Source and disclaimer

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