Multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma due to cirrhosis of the liver due to hepatitis C infection
AI-generated summary
Michael Leslie Burrell, a 58-year-old prisoner with terminal hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to hepatitis C and cirrhosis, died in the Princess Alexandra Hospital Secure Unit. He was admitted to the ED on 17 September 2016 with nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. An abdominal x-ray suggested partial bowel obstruction but this was not identified at the time due to the registrar reviewing only one of three images. He was admitted to the Secure Unit where nursing staff noted a persistently elevated heart rate and a 3-point drop in Glasgow Coma Scale score, both meeting criteria for calling a code blue, but this was not done. He deteriorated overnight and was found unresponsive the following morning with signs of massive aspiration. While the underlying disease was terminal and irreversible, the coroner found systemic shortcomings in diagnostic interpretation, adherence to clinical escalation protocols, and the absence of an acute resuscitation plan for a palliative patient. The hospital implemented corrective measures including dedicated code blue communication, staff education, and safety rounds.
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Specialties
emergency medicinegastroenterologyinfectious diseasespalliative care
Error types
diagnosticcommunicationsystem
Drugs involved
morphinetramadoldosulepin
Clinical conditions
hepatitis c infectioncirrhosis of the liverhepatocellular carcinomahepatic encephalopathypartial bowel obstructionaspirationrespiratory arrestcardiac arrest
Contributing factors
failure to identify partial bowel obstruction on abdominal x-ray
radiological review of only one of three x-ray images
failure to call code blue for Glasgow Coma Scale decrease of 3 points
failure to call code blue for persistently elevated heart rate
absence of acute resuscitation plan for palliative patient
confusion among staff regarding treatment escalation in palliative care context
massive aspiration event
inadequate reassessment and documentation of management plan after admission to Secure Unit
Coroner's recommendations
Installation of dedicated Code Blue phone line in Command Room of Secure Unit to ensure security staff awareness and timely RRT access
Education provided to Secure Unit staff in basic life support, recognition and response to clinical deterioration, and management processes for deceased prisoners
Development of Patient Safety Round at beginning of each shift in Secure Unit to ensure clear understanding of each patient's management plan
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