Coronial
NSWhospital

Inquest into the death of Emiliana OBUSAN

Deceased

Emiliana Belle Obusan

Demographics

1y, female

Coroner

Decision ofDeputy State Coroner Lee

Date of death

2019-02-04

Finding date

2021-11-19

Cause of death

unrecognised oesophageal intubation

AI-generated summary

A 19-month-old girl died from unrecognised oesophageal intubation during anaesthesia for finger laceration repair. The anaesthetic team failed to recognise multiple clinical indicators of tube misplacement: absence of persistent end-tidal CO2 waveforms, persistent air leak despite cuff inflation, coarse upper airway sounds, and gastric distension. These signs should have prompted ETT repositioning verification. The team became fixated on alternative diagnoses (bronchospasm, anaphylaxis) despite inadequate evidence, in a stressful environment. The coroner found the death preventable—appropriate recognition of the reversible cause would have prompted removal and reinsertion of the endotracheal tube, likely preventing death. Key lessons: verify ETT placement using capnography, recognise that misplaced tubes can still provide some ventilation in infants, synthesise all clinical indicators rather than fixating on one diagnosis, and consider mandatory paediatric anaesthesia guidelines for regional hospitals.

AI-generated summary and tagging — may contain inaccuracies; refer to original finding for legal purposes. Report an inaccuracy.

Specialties

anaesthesiaorthopaedic surgeryemergency medicine

Error types

diagnosticcommunicationsystem

Drugs involved

fentanylpropofolsevofluranepiperacillintazobactamsalbutamolsuxamethoniumatropineadrenaline

Clinical conditions

oesophageal intubationbite wound to fingerpulmonary aspiration riskhypoxaemiacardiac arrest

Procedures

endotracheal intubationinduction of general anaesthesiawound debridement and washout

Contributing factors

  • failure to recognise multiple clinical indicators of ETT misplacement
  • absent or very low amplitude end-tidal CO2 waveforms not acted upon
  • persistent air leak despite cuff inflation not addressed
  • coarse upper airway sounds misinterpreted
  • gastric distension not recognised as sign of oesophageal intubation
  • cognitive fixation on alternative diagnoses (bronchospasm, anaphylaxis)
  • limited paediatric anaesthesia experience of registrar performing intubation
  • no formal written guidelines for paediatric anaesthesia at regional hospital
  • stressful operating theatre environment with chaotic communication
  • difficulty in synthesising multiple clinical indicators in real-time
  • assumption that visualisation of ETT passing through vocal cords guaranteed correct placement
  • inadequate recognition that misplaced ETT can allow some ventilation in infants
Full text

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