Coronial
NSWhospital

Inquest into the death of Kelvin MOULDS

Deceased

Kelvin Moulds

Demographics

61y, male

Coroner

Decision ofDeputy State Coroner Forbes

Date of death

2016-03-09

Finding date

2021-04-16

Cause of death

Hypoxic encephalopathy arising from cardiac arrest following self-removal of a central venous catheter

AI-generated summary

Kelvin Moulds, a 61-year-old man, died of hypoxic encephalopathy following a cardiac arrest caused by self-removal of a central venous catheter (CVC) on day 14 post-bilateral lung transplant. The CVC was still in situ despite two documented orders for removal on 3 March 2016. Clinical lessons include: (1) delirium was recognised but inadequately treated—Haloperidol was recommended but not charted; (2) communication breakdown between medical and nursing staff regarding CVC removal; (3) lack of monitoring for delirium despite recognised risk; (4) delayed CVC removal in the ward setting increased air embolism risk. St Vincent's Hospital implemented substantial changes including preferring PICC lines, treating delirium as a red flag for CVC removal, improved delirium screening protocols, and enhanced nurse training on vascular access device management. Earlier recognition and treatment of delirium, clear escalation pathways for CVC removal decisions, and closer monitoring of delirious patients could have prevented this death.

AI-generated summary and tagging — may contain inaccuracies; refer to original finding for legal purposes. Report an inaccuracy.

Specialties

cardiothoracic surgerytransplant medicineintensive carerespiratory medicinepsychiatry

Error types

communicationsystemdelay

Drugs involved

oxycodoneparacetamoloxycodonecefotaximeamoxicillin/clavulanateganciclovirtemazepamhaloperidol

Clinical conditions

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosispost-bilateral sequential single lung transplantdeliriumhypoxiadiaphragmatic palsyphrenic nerve injuryhemidiaphragm paralysisklebsiella infection of donor lungscytomegalovirus infectionpericarditisparoxysmal atrial fibrillationimpaired lung compliancelactic acidosisreperfusion oedemaatelectasishypoxic encephalopathycardiac arrestpotential air embolism

Procedures

sequential single lung transplantcentral venous catheter insertionECMO cannulationECMO decannulationendotracheal intubationextubationbronchoscopycentral venous catheter removalcardiopulmonary resuscitationtransoesophageal echocardiographymagnetic resonance imaging of brain

Contributing factors

  • Delirium inadequately recognised and treated
  • Haloperidol recommended but not charted or administered
  • Communication breakdown between medical and nursing staff regarding CVC removal orders
  • CVC retained in situ despite two documented orders for removal
  • Low oxygen saturation levels on room air contributing to altered mental state
  • Lack of monitoring of delirious patient with CVC in place
  • Absence of clear escalation pathway for CVC removal decisions
  • Disruption to ward environment (neighbouring patient fall) potentially triggering confused behaviour
  • Compromised respiratory capacity post-lung transplant increasing vulnerability to supine positioning complications
Full text

Source and disclaimer

This page reproduces or summarises information from publicly available findings published by Australian coroners' courts. Coronial is an independent educational resource and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or acting on behalf of any coronial court or government body.

Content may be incomplete, reformatted, or summarised. Some material may have been redacted or restricted by court order or privacy requirements. Always refer to the original court publication for the authoritative record.

Copyright in original materials remains with the relevant government jurisdiction. AI-generated summaries and tagging are for educational purposes only, may contain inaccuracies, and must not be treated as legal documents. We welcome feedback for correction — report an inaccuracy here.