Coronial
WAhospital

Inquest into the Death of Mark Andrew Burnside

Deceased

Mark Andrew Burnside

Demographics

45y, male

Date of death

2001-11-07

Finding date

2003-07

Cause of death

Natural causes - cardiac arrest, most likely secondary to severe tardive dyskinesia and extreme physical distress from long-term antipsychotic medication exposure

AI-generated summary

Mark Andrew Burnside, a 45-year-old man with intellectual disability and chronic mental illness, died of natural causes on 7 November 2001 at Royal Perth Hospital. He had been prescribed thioridazine (Mellaril) for approximately 39 years from early childhood to manage behavioral disturbance. In September 2000, his GP discontinued Mellaril due to its well-documented severe long-term side effects (tardive dyskinesia), and switched him to newer atypical antipsychotics. Despite multiple medication adjustments by both his GP and a consulting psychiatrist, his behavior and abnormal movements deteriorated markedly. He was admitted to hospital on 31 October 2001 with severe tremors, fever, and dystonic reactions. Despite treatment with benztropine and benzodiazepines, he died suddenly of cardiac arrest on 7 November 2001. Post-mortem examination revealed an unascertainable cause, though severe tardive dyskinesia from long-term Mellaril exposure was likely contributory. The coroner found the care adequate under the circumstances and concluded his death arose from natural causes, most likely sudden arrhythmia secondary to extreme physical distress from tardive dyskinesia.

AI-generated summary and tagging — may contain inaccuracies; refer to original finding for legal purposes.

Contributing factors

  • Long-term use of thioridazine (Mellaril) for 39 years resulting in tardive dyskinesia
  • Discontinuation of Mellaril in September 2000 and substitution with newer antipsychotics which did not adequately control behavior or psychotic symptoms
  • Multiple medication changes (Zyprexa, Haloperidol, Sodium Valproate) with inadequate response
  • Severe abnormal involuntary movements (tardive dyskinesia) in final months of life
  • Significant weight loss and physical exhaustion from continuous involuntary muscle movements
  • Severe agitation and behavioral disturbance resistant to medication
  • Possible contribution from dystonic medication reactions and respiratory compromise from pharyngeal/laryngeal dystonia
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