Pulmonary thromboembolism complicating right calf deep venous thrombosis
AI-generated summary
Michael Burns, 58, presented to hospital with exertional chest pain and shortness of breath. He was diagnosed with stable angina and discharged home on cardiac medications. He returned the next day with dizziness attributed to beta-blocker side effects and was again discharged. He died at home from pulmonary embolism. The coroner found that while his presentation was atypical of PE, there was conflicting evidence about whether the Wells score was applied. If it was applied (with a score of zero), clinical guidelines required D-dimer testing; this test would likely have been positive and led to further imaging, potentially identifying the PE before it became fatal. Poor medical documentation hampered the investigation. Key clinical lessons: maintain high suspicion for PE in patients with chest pain and dyspnea; correctly apply risk stratification tools; admit patients with new cardiac symptoms for monitoring; recognize that small PEs may only cause symptoms on exertion.
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electrocardiographychest X-raypoint of care ultrasoundblood tests including troponin measurement
Contributing factors
Missed opportunity to diagnose pulmonary embolism at first presentation
Possible incorrect application of Wells score
D-dimer not performed despite clinical guideline recommendation
Failure to admit patient with new cardiac symptoms for monitoring
Misdiagnosis of postural hypotension at second presentation without documented postural blood pressure measurements supporting this diagnosis
Failure to perform in-person consultant review at unplanned ED re-presentation within 72 hours
Poor quality medical documentation
Diagnostic anchoring on cardiac diagnosis without adequate consideration of alternative diagnoses
Coroner's recommendations
Monash Health should provide training to relevant clinicians on the correct application of the Wells' criteria for pulmonary embolism
Monash Health should provide training on the correct application of the Monash Health Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis and Management (Adults) Clinical Guideline
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