Complications of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease following a fall
AI-generated summary
Ian Gould, a 64-year-old man with a non-MRI compatible pacemaker, presented with vision loss in June 2019. Initial neurological and ophthalmological evaluation was normal; functional visual loss was suspected. He developed major depression with suicidal ideation and was admitted to an acute mental health unit. On 7 August, he fell backwards, hitting his head, but was assessed as orientated with no bruising. No CT scan was performed despite being on anticoagulation (rivaroxaban). Over subsequent days he deteriorated with stiffness, fever, and decreased consciousness. Transfer to ICU revealed bilateral occipital haemorrhage on CT, status epilepticus on EEG, and ultimately sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) confirmed by lumbar puncture and brain biopsy. The coroner found that while BHS head injury guidelines did not reflect current standard practice recommending CT scans for anticoagulated patients with head strikes, earlier imaging would not have altered the outcome as his deterioration was due to CJD, not the modest intracerebral bleed. The death was not preventable.
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Delayed CT brain imaging after head injury in anticoagulated patient
Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with atypical presentation
Coroner's recommendations
Ballarat Health Services review their policies relating to the management of head injuries in anticoagulated patients with reference to Trauma Victoria guidelines and UK NICE guidelines regarding CT head scans for people taking anticoagulants
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