Coronial
VIChospital

Finding into death of Mark James O'Brien

Deceased

Mark James O'Brien

Demographics

56y, male

Coroner

Coroner Audrey Jamieson

Date of death

2019-07-22

Finding date

2021-04-14

Cause of death

Complications of atraumatic bilateral femoral fractures (repaired) during a seizure in the setting of Down Syndrome

AI-generated summary

Mark O'Brien, a 56-year-old man with Down syndrome and dementia, sustained multiple seizure-related bilateral femoral fractures. A subtle posterior cortical fracture to his left femur, sustained during a seizure on 15 June 2019, was not identified on initial imaging on 17 June 2019, despite clinical concerns about pain and reluctance to mobilise. The fracture went undiagnosed for 9 days until a CT scan on 26 June 2019, during which time Mr O'Brien continued rehabilitation on an unstable leg. He suffered a third seizure on 19 July 2019 with further fracture displacement, was palliated, and died three days later. The initial misdiagnosis occurred partly because the fracture was rare and subtle, located at the imaging periphery, and the radiological referral lacked clinical context about the recent seizure and pain. Monash Health implemented educational measures and augmented staff orientation programs to reinforce complete clinical information in imaging requests.

AI-generated summary and tagging — may contain inaccuracies; refer to original finding for legal purposes. Report an inaccuracy.

Specialties

orthopaedic surgerygeriatric medicineradiologyneurologyintensive care

Error types

diagnosticcommunication

Drugs involved

sodium valproate

Clinical conditions

Down syndromedementia (Alzheimer's disease)bilateral femoral fracturesseizuresosteoporosisaspiration pneumoniadeliriumdeformity with displacement

Procedures

bilateral femoral fracture surgical repairhip x-rayCT scan of hipsplain radiographs

Contributing factors

  • Failure to identify subtle posterior cortical left femoral fracture on initial imaging (17 June 2019)
  • Lack of clinical context in radiological referral (recent seizure and pain not communicated)
  • Continued mobilisation and rehabilitation on undiagnosed fractured limb for 9 days
  • Difficult clinical assessment due to impaired cognition and communication difficulties
  • Absence of communication aid during hospital admission
  • Complex medical presentation with seizures, dementia, and delirium obscuring diagnosis

Coroner's recommendations

  1. Monash Imaging and Monash Health to augment annual orientation program for new medical staff to reinforce importance of ensuring complete medical information is contained in procedure requests, including patient's current presentation and clinical indicators for referral
  2. Mr O'Brien's case to be referenced as an example in the augmented orientation program
  3. Monash Imaging to continue using Mr O'Brien's case as a teaching and peer learning example regarding abnormalities at the periphery of radiographs and rare fractures in education sessions and quarterly consultant council meetings
  4. Related teaching vignette to be prepared and distributed to all diagnostic imaging medical staff
Full text

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