Diane Maria Hillgrove, a 34-year-old woman with chronic pain, PTSD, anxiety and substance abuse history, died from mixed drug toxicity on 7 July 2018. Post-mortem toxicology revealed elevated pregabalin (51 mg/L), morphine, diazepam, doxylamine and other CNS depressants. Despite careful prescribing management by her GPs using weekly reviews, restricted pharmacy pickups and prescription monitoring, she obtained pregabalin from multiple doctors and used diverted medications. On 6 July, Dr V. appropriately increased her pregabalin to 150mg for acute abdominal pain, but she likely consumed the entire 56-tablet supply overnight. Key lessons: pregabalin's abuse potential matches opioids and benzodiazepines; real-time prescription monitoring (SafeScript) was not yet available and still excludes pregabalin; doctor-shopping and medication diversion are common in chronic pain patients; even excellent care by dedicated GPs cannot always prevent deaths when patients are determined to obtain excess medications.
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Specialties
general practicepsychiatrypain medicinesurgerygastroenterologygynaecologyemergency medicine
Doctor shopping and obtaining prescriptions from multiple providers
Medication diversion
Elevated pregabalin levels detected post-mortem (51 mg/L, a level associated with fatalities)
Additive effects of multiple CNS depressants (pregabalin, morphine, diazepam)
Lack of real-time prescription monitoring for pregabalin at the time
Possible psychological distress related to chronic pain, PTSD, anxiety and previous stillbirth
Coroner's recommendations
The Victorian Department of Health and Human Services should consider inclusion of pregabalin in the scope of drugs monitored in the SafeScript real-time prescription monitoring scheme to reduce the risk of harm associated with pregabalin misuse
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