Coronial
VIChospital

Finding into death of Valerie Margaret Fraser

Deceased

Valerie Margaret Fraser

Demographics

94y, female

Coroner

Coroner Darren Bracken

Date of death

2017-11-24

Finding date

2021-04-30

Cause of death

Complications of metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breast in a woman with dementia

AI-generated summary

A 94-year-old woman with advanced dementia and metastatic breast cancer died from complications of her malignancy. She presented repeatedly with vomiting due to duodenal obstruction from metastatic tumour, but this was not diagnosed until 15 November 2017, two weeks into her final admission. A critical error occurred on 6 November when GMU clinicians mistakenly told the family that a CT scan had already been performed, when in fact no such scan had been done. This communication error delayed appropriate imaging. However, the coroner found that earlier diagnosis would not have changed management—seven separate clinical teams, including senior gastroenterologists and medical oncologists, all independently recommended palliative care only. Surgery, chemotherapy, and stenting were deemed inappropriate due to the patient's extreme frailty, advanced dementia (ECOG score 4), and terminal cancer status. The key clinical lesson is the importance of accurate communication about diagnostic investigations and documentation, though in this case, the error did not alter the inevitable outcome.

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Specialties

general medicinegastroenterologypalliative careoncologygeneral surgeryradiology

Error types

communicationdiagnosticdelay

Drugs involved

tamoxifendonepezilfosfomycinfulvestrant

Clinical conditions

metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breastduodenal obstructiondementiagastric outlet obstructionaspiration pneumoniahypernatremiagastroparesisaortic valve diseasecardiomegaly

Procedures

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp)nasogastric tube insertionabdominal CT scanabdominal ultrasoundchest X-rayabdominal X-ray

Contributing factors

  • Advanced dementia
  • Metastatic breast cancer with duodenal obstruction
  • Delayed diagnosis of metastatic disease
  • Mistaken belief that CT scan had been performed, delaying appropriate imaging
  • Communication error regarding diagnostic investigations
  • Advanced frailty and multiple comorbidities
  • Aspiration risk due to immobility and dementia

Coroner's recommendations

  1. The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care and SaferCare Victoria should consider the need for a body external to health organisations to conduct periodic audits within the three-year assessment windows for ongoing compliance with the National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards, particularly regarding Clinical Governance and open disclosure processes.
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