Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy complicating mixed drug toxicity
AI-generated summary
Jessica Higgins, a 33-year-old woman with chronic pain on high-dose opioids, underwent ketamine infusion with planned opioid rotation to methadone in May 2017. She was discharged on 23 May on methadone 5mg twice daily plus up to 15mg as-needed. On 26 May, after phone discussions with two treating doctors about inadequate pain control, her methadone was increased to 10mg three times daily without in-person review. She was found unresponsive on 27 May with severe hypoxia and died from hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. Critical failures included: ambiguous communication between doctors via text message without documented clinical reasoning; failure to assess dangerous sedation her mother had observed; lack of structured post-discharge plan; and absence of in-person review before dose escalation. The coroner found both doctors' care below standard and referred them to AHPRA, emphasizing that poor communication rather than lack of knowledge led to this preventable death.
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Rapid increase in methadone dose without in-person clinical review
Failure to detect or consider dangerous sedation prior to dose escalation
Poor communication between prescribing doctors regarding clinical decision-making
Ambiguous text message exchange between doctors lacking documented clinical reasoning
Absence of structured post-discharge emergency plan following ketamine infusion
Patient confusion about medication dosing instructions due to medication-induced sedation
Inadequate documentation of telephone consultations with doctors
Coroner's recommendations
That the Faculty of Pain Medicine of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists include in their forthcoming guidelines on ketamine infusion specific guidance on post-discharge planning that addresses how to communicate clinical decision-making surrounding changes in dosage of opioid medication and what information will be required before making any such changes
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