Subdural haematoma secondary to blunt head trauma (head-strike)
AI-generated summary
A 77-year-old woman on warfarin for atrial fibrillation presented to Sandringham Hospital after striking her head on a wall. Despite being on anticoagulation therapy, no CT scan was performed, and she was discharged after wound closure. She died 26 hours later from a massive subdural haematoma. Alfred Health had a specific guideline requiring CT imaging and admission for anticoagulated patients with head trauma. The consultant claimed unawareness of her warfarin use, though the registrar reported informing him. The hospital failed to follow its own guideline. While the coroner could not establish that guideline adherence would have prevented death, the failure deprived the patient of her only chance of survival. Key lessons: never assume minor head injury presentation excludes intracranial bleeding in anticoagulated patients; ensure senior clinicians are aware of medication history; follow institutional guidelines; and establish facts rather than attributing failures to communication breakdown.
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Specialties
emergency medicineneurosurgery
Error types
diagnosticcommunicationsystem
Drugs involved
warfarin
Clinical conditions
subdural haematomablunt head traumaatrial fibrillationanticoagulation-related intracranial bleeding
Contributing factors
Failure to perform CT scan despite patient on warfarin
Failure to follow institutional head injury guideline for anticoagulated patients
Inadequate communication or documentation regarding warfarin use
Consultant's lack of awareness or recollection of patient's anticoagulation status
No admission for observation despite guideline requirements
No measurement of INR or coagulation profile
Coroner's recommendations
Further training of medical staff to illustrate that patients on warfarin presenting with relatively minor head injury cannot be assumed to be at low risk of intracranial bleed
Better clinician access to the Head Injury Guideline
Further education for registrars at orientation about the need to countersign medical records completed by medical students to ensure they are aware of contents and records are accurate
Promotion of an environment in which junior doctors and medical students can challenge opinions of senior doctors
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