Ronak Satyajit Warty, a 10-year-old boy with known milk and nut allergies, died from anaphylaxis after ingesting a coconut drink that was mislabelled and contained undeclared dairy products. Despite his parents' diligence in checking the product label prior to consumption, the drink contained milk protein not declared on the packaging. Ronak initially refused an EpiPen due to needle phobia; paramedics administered adrenaline after 5 minutes. He deteriorated in the ambulance and presented to ED in severe respiratory distress requiring intubation. After 41 minutes of resuscitation, spontaneous circulation returned but he suffered catastrophic hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury and died 7 days later. No deficiencies were identified in ambulance or hospital care. The coroner highlighted critical failures in food labelling and the absence of mandatory reporting of anaphylaxis cases to food regulators, delaying product recall by over a month.
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Specialties
emergency medicinepaediatricsintensive careallergy and immunologyparamedicine
intubationbag and mask ventilationcardiopulmonary resuscitation
Contributing factors
ingestion of mislabelled packaged food containing undeclared milk allergen
delay in administration of EpiPen due to needle phobia
possible unrecognised chronic asthma
environmental pollen sensitisation prior to reaction
absence of mandatory reporting mechanism for anaphylaxis cases to food regulators
failure of medical professionals to report suspected mislabelled food product to food safety authorities
Coroner's recommendations
The Secretary of the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services should investigate, consult widely and formulate a program for mandatory reporting for children who present at hospitals and emergency departments with anaphylaxis
The mandatory reporting program should include interrogation of sources of anaphylaxis, with direct referral to the Food Safety Unit if a packaged foodstuff or its labelling is implicated
The Secretary should encourage the Food Safety Unit to action identified ways to improve reporting of food allergen-related incidents and provide educative information to members of the public with food allergies and their parents, and to the medical community
The Victorian Minister for Health should support formulation of a mandatory reporting scheme for children with anaphylaxis presenting to hospitals and emergency departments, by proposing appropriate legislation
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