A 54-year-old woman with long-standing opioid use disorder died from mixed methadone and diazepam toxicity. She had tripled her methadone dose by injecting additional takeaway doses alongside her prescribed pharmacy dose, contrary to prescribing instructions for oral ingestion. Two near-fatal poisoning events in 2022 preceded her death. The coroner found that while Dr T.'s management was not grossly negligent, he failed to adequately reassess clinical stability or implement stricter risk mitigation after these warning signs. Key missed opportunities included: not reducing takeaway doses (particularly consecutive weekend doses), not documenting detailed risk-benefit assessments, not increasing urine drug screening frequency, inadequate investigation of reports she was diverting methadone, and not pursuing addiction specialist referral more forcefully. The coroner noted that stricter adherence to Tasmanian opioid pharmacotherapy guidelines, particularly limiting takeaway doses and avoiding concurrent benzodiazepines, might have prevented this death.
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Specialties
general practicepharmacologyaddiction medicinepathology
Error types
diagnosticmedicationsystemdelay
Drugs involved
methadonediazepammorphineamphetaminecannabis
Clinical conditions
opioid use disorderbenzodiazepine dependencepolysubstance usedrug toxicitymixed drug poisoning
Contributing factors
injection of prescribed takeaway methadone doses (intended for oral ingestion)
consumption of triple prescribed methadone dose
concurrent benzodiazepine (diazepam) prescription with methadone
inadequate risk reassessment after two poisoning events in 2022
prescription of consecutive weekend takeaway doses
failure to implement stricter mitigation strategies after near-fatal events
lack of documented detailed risk-benefit assessment
insufficient urine drug screening frequency
failure to investigate reports of methadone diversion
insufficient specialist addiction medicine referral
Coroner's recommendations
Medical practitioners prescribing takeaway doses of methadone must continuously review clinical assessment through objective consideration of patient information, all other sources, and regular urinalysis
Analysis of such information must be used to reassess clinical stability and risk of harm before continuing takeaway doses
Medical practitioners should have ready access to specialist review, advice and support from Alcohol and Drug Services at critical times in treating opioid pharmacotherapy patients
Treating practitioners should consider Alcohol and Drug Services support for assessment of clinical stability, appropriate prescribing of takeaway doses, and transfer to safer opioid replacements such as buprenorphine
Adherence to Tasmanian Opioid Pharmacotherapy Program (TOPP) guidelines should be prioritised, particularly regarding limitation of takeaway doses and avoidance of concurrent benzodiazepines
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