Sophie Sparreboom died from cerebral hypoxia secondary to placental abruption following emergency caesarean section. Gestational diabetes indicated planned induction at term. At 2050 hours, antepartum haemorrhage and pathological CTG changes occurred. Critical delay occurred in decision-making and theatre availability: the caesarean was classified as category 2 at 2125, upgraded to category 1 at 2130, but delivery did not occur until 2209 (79 minutes after the category 1 decision). Two experts opined the 30+ minute delay was unconscionable; Dr K. stated that with theatre alerted by 2100 and delivery by 2130, Sophie would likely have been fine. Contributing factors included inadequate second-theatre staffing protocols on weekends, confusion over urgency categorisation causing delays in opening a second theatre, and failure to escalate paediatric presence. The RCA identified systemic failures in communication and resource allocation rather than individual clinical errors.
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induction of labourartificial rupture of membranesemergency caesarean sectionfoetal scalp electrode placementattempted foetal blood samplinggeneral anaesthesia for caesareanneonatal intubationneonatal resuscitation
Contributing factors
Antepartum haemorrhage with placental abruption
Pathological CTG changes from 2050 hours
Delay in emergency caesarean section: 79 minutes from category 1 classification to delivery
Classification as category 2 at 2125 hours (rather than category 1 immediately when distress became apparent)
Inadequate second-theatre staffing availability on weekends
Confusion regarding emergency caesarean category system and resource activation
Delay in obtaining second operating theatre: categorisation semantics prevented immediate theatre preparation
Failure to alert theatre at ~2100 hours when foetal distress was evident
Failure to escalate paediatric presence earlier despite clear indicators of high-risk delivery
Coroner's recommendations
Develop business case for increased operating room staffing after hours and weekends to enable second theatre opening within 20 minutes
Implement uniform emergency caesarean category system with prominent display in birthing and operating suites
Establish automated paging system for category 1 caesarean sections to all relevant staff (obstetric consultant and registrar, anaesthetic consultant and registrar, paediatric registrar, nursery, operating theatre coordinator)
Develop workplace instructions for emergency caesarean categorisation with version controls
Develop workplace instruction for optimising care of critically ill neonates with assessment by on-call senior registrar or consultant
Institute protocol for theatre alerting when foetal distress is evident (not waiting for formal category 1 decision) to enable timely theatre preparation
Ensure CTG machine availability in operating theatre for continuity of tracing during emergency caesarean
Implement second on-call team availability after hours and weekends (second theatre registered nurse, second on-call anaesthetist)
Ensure obstetrician and anaesthetist directly communicate regarding decision to open second theatre
Implement electronic theatre booking form with separate section for clinical priority rating
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