Luke Borusiewicz, a 2-year-old in foster care, died from severe head injuries sustained in an accidental fall from a bed on 12 January 2009. The foster carer, Joy (age 74), had taken him into care on 24 December 2008 after rigorous assessment and demonstrated competence with multiple foster children. On the morning of his death, Luke returned from a scheduled contact visit with his father. Joy, who had been unwell with gastrointestinal symptoms affecting food and fluid intake for several days, lay down to rest and fell into deeper sleep than intended due to fatigue. While unsupervised, Luke fell from his bed, striking his head. A 9-year-old foster child witnessed the fall but did not alert Joy. When Joy eventually attempted to wake Luke several hours later, she found him unconscious. He was transported to hospital and died 6 days later. The coroner found no evidence of inadequate care, abuse, or negligence by Joy or Child Safety Services. The death resulted from an unintended consequence of fatigue reducing Joy's ability to assess her own level of tiredness, combined with the inherent risks of normal toddler behaviour (jumping on beds).
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Specialties
emergency medicineneurosurgerypaediatrics
Clinical conditions
head injuryskull fracturesubdural haematomacerebral oedema
Procedures
craniotomymechanical ventilation
Contributing factors
foster carer fatigue from gastrointestinal illness
reduced fluid and food intake leading to fatigue
unintended deep sleep rather than light nap
lack of supervision during unsupervised sleep period
toddler behaviour (jumping on beds)
fall not immediately reported to supervising adult by child witnesses
delay in discovery of unconsciousness
Coroner's recommendations
The circumstances surrounding Luke's death should be used as a case study in the training of foster carers in self-awareness and the insidious nature of fatigue
Training of Placement Support Workers and Child Safety Service officers should include vigilance in monitoring foster care arrangements for signs of carer fatigue and health impacts
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