Coronial
NThospital

Inquest into the death of Xysz Tacdliwaazy @Josh Ngalarina

Deceased

Xysz Yiyujaa Tacdliwaazy

Demographics

22y, unknown

Date of death

2022-01-31

Finding date

2024-04-05

Cause of death

sudden death associated with volatile substance inhalation (butane and propane)

AI-generated summary

A 22-year-old Yolngu person with a well-documented history of volatile substance abuse (VSA) and mental illness was involuntarily admitted to Royal Darwin Hospital for acute psychosis. Due to COVID-19 bed-block, they were placed as an 'outlier' on a general ward rather than a mental health ward despite their acute presentation. Critical system failures contributed to their death from sudden inhalation of deodorant: the VSA risk was not clearly documented in the management plan; security staff and general ward nurses were not informed of the VSA or self-harm risks; the management plan was incomplete; there was no standardised handover procedure; and volatile substance products were freely accessible from hospital pharmacies. General ward nursing staff had received no mental health training. The Department of Health acknowledged this death was preventable and attributed it to absent clear procedures for managing mental health patients in general wards.

AI-generated summary and tagging — may contain inaccuracies; refer to original finding for legal purposes. Report an inaccuracy.

Specialties

psychiatryemergency medicinegeneral medicine

Error types

diagnosticcommunicationsystemdelay

Drugs involved

olanzapinerisperidonepaliperidonezuclopenthixoldeodorant

Clinical conditions

schizoaffective disorderschizophreniapsychosisvolatile substance abuse (vsa)cannabis-induced psychosisacute respiratory failurecardiac arrhythmia risk from volatile substance inhalation

Contributing factors

  • absence of clear procedures for managing mental health patients as outliers in general wards
  • inadequate handover to general ward nursing staff regarding patient risks
  • VSA risk not documented in management plan despite clear history
  • security guards not informed of VSA risk or self-harm history
  • general ward nurses had no mental health training and did not understand VSA
  • management plan incomplete and failed to address known VSA risk
  • volatile substance products readily available from RDH pharmacy
  • security guards not aware they should maintain constant visual supervision including during showering
  • Nursing Clinical Bedside Handover Sticker not completed on admission to general ward
  • Mental Health Outlier Admission Checklist not completed
  • change in treating team due to COVID-19 measures resulted in reduced familiarity with patient's VSA history
  • transfer to general ward at 11.11pm likely contributed to inadequate handover
  • bed-block and COVID-19 imperatives forced placement of mental health patient in inappropriate setting

Coroner's recommendations

  1. The Department of Health should consider extending the ban on aerosol cans to apply hospital-wide and, where that is not possible on medical grounds, they should be kept safely secured.
Full text

Source and disclaimer

This page reproduces or summarises information from publicly available findings published by Australian coroners' courts. Coronial is an independent educational resource and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or acting on behalf of any coronial court or government body.

Content may be incomplete, reformatted, or summarised. Some material may have been redacted or restricted by court order or privacy requirements. Always refer to the original court publication for the authoritative record.

Copyright in original materials remains with the relevant government jurisdiction. AI-generated summaries and tagging are for educational purposes only, may contain inaccuracies, and must not be treated as legal documents. We welcome feedback for correction — report an inaccuracy here.