This inquest examines three children (Master W aged 12, Miss B aged 17, Master JK aged 13) who died from volatile substance abuse in remote Aboriginal communities in the NT between 2018-2019. All three were known to government agencies including VSA assessors, child protection, health, education and police. Despite clear evidence of severe risk, they were not properly assessed under the Volatile Substance Abuse Prevention Act 2005. Critical failings included: failure to conduct timely assessments within required 2-week timeframe; absence of proper care plans and treatment recommendations despite being at severe risk; lack of aftercare planning after rehabilitation discharge; failure to escalate to the Chief Health Officer; gaps in inter-agency communication; and inadequate school engagement. The coroner found the Top End Health Service continued unlawful practices despite earlier 2017 findings in the Laurie inquest making identical recommendations about legal compliance. The use of monitoring without formal assessment, expecting 2-month periods without reports before closing files, and failure to implement treatment orders when voluntary rehabilitation was refused were all contrary to law and guidelines. Systemic failures by Territory Families included inappropriate screening-out of child protection notifications. The coroner emphasised the need for law compliance, regional rehabilitation services, and locally-based community workers.
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volatile substance abusesolvent inhalationpetrol sniffingsexual abuse and traumadepressionsuicidalityself-harmpoor school attendancecommunity dislocation
Contributing factors
failure to comply with Volatile Substance Abuse Prevention Act 2005
failure to conduct timely assessments within 2-week statutory timeframe
absence of appropriate risk assessment tools for children
failure to escalate cases to Chief Health Officer when at severe risk
absence of treatment plans and care plans
lack of aftercare planning on discharge from rehabilitation
failure to seek treatment orders under the Act
inadequate inter-agency communication
monitoring without formal assessment as unlawful practice
poor school engagement and attendance intervention
lack of community-based support programs
geographic distance of rehabilitation facilities from home communities
inability of family members to protect children
failure to appreciate cumulative harm
inappropriate screening out of child protection notifications
absence of trauma-informed care approach
Coroner's recommendations
The Top End Health Service must provide training and supervision necessary to ensure processes and procedures are in accordance with the Volatile Substance Abuse Prevention Act 2005
Government should give consideration to funding a rehabilitation service in a regional centre in the Top End of the Northern Territory
Government should implement Recommendation 238 of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody regarding funding and local employment of trained community workers
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