Coronial
NSWhospital

Inquest into the death of Bruce HODGES

Deceased

Bruce Hodges

Demographics

78y, male

Date of death

2016-05-20

Finding date

2021-10-12

Cause of death

cardiorespiratory failure due to complications of tracheal stenosis

AI-generated summary

Bruce Hodges, a 78-year-old man with a 20-year-old tracheostomy following laryngeal cancer surgery, presented to hospital with progressive shortness of breath and tracheal stenosis. Over 48 hours of admission, his respiratory rate fluctuated between normal and elevated levels despite a critical 4mm airway narrowing. Key clinical lessons: (1) Altered vital sign calling criteria were inappropriately implemented and inadequately reviewed; (2) Respiratory observations were inconsistently recorded, missing opportunities for escalation; (3) The critical airway narrowing warranted closer monitoring and potentially transfer to higher-level care; (4) An arterial blood gas test should have been performed to assess carbon dioxide retention; (5) Specialist review by respiratory and ICU teams did not occur within specified timeframes; (6) Communication with family about management concerns was inadequate. The hospital has since implemented electronic medical records, REACH protocols, and improved escalation procedures to prevent similar preventable deaths.

AI-generated summary and tagging — may contain inaccuracies; refer to original finding for legal purposes. Report an inaccuracy.

Specialties

emergency medicineENT surgeryrespiratory medicineintensive caregeneral medicine

Error types

diagnosticsystemdelaycommunication

Drugs involved

nebulised salinesalbutamoloxygen

Clinical conditions

tracheal stenosistracheostomy complicationsrespiratory distressrespiratory failurecardiac arrestsquamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (history)laryngectomy (history)coronary artery calcificationemphysemarenal failure

Procedures

laryngectomy (history)tracheostomyfibre-optic endoscopyintubation (attempted and at end-of-life)

Contributing factors

  • critical 4mm airway obstruction from long-standing tracheostomy stenosis
  • failure to secure airway despite identification of critical narrowing
  • inadequate vital sign observations and recording
  • inappropriate alteration of respiratory rate calling criteria without proper review
  • delayed and inadequate specialist review (ENT and ICU)
  • lack of arterial blood gas testing to assess carbon dioxide retention
  • failure to consider transfer to high dependency unit or higher level of care
  • inconsistent monitoring frequency despite acute respiratory presentation
  • poor communication with patient and family regarding management plan
Full text

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